Hair loss or baldness is becoming more frequent and adverse among men and women of all ages. There are several reasons behind its prevalence. The researchers are working on exclusive technologies to eradicate and restore the hair loss dilemma. There are hundreds of thousands of treatments varying in successful outcomes. Platelet-rich plasma hair restoration technique is novel and nonsurgical. It is plasma that is injected into the affected area to get growth. The plasma is the water having some crucial proteins which play a vital role in our body. Platelets help blood clotting and have a role in healing. This plasma has 5 to 10 times more platelets than normal blood.
Platelet Rich Plasma therapy
This therapy is an autologous generation of plasma that is more concentrated than the actual blood is. This suspension is rich in growth factors, healing factors, and cytokines. This magical liquid is empowered to repair and regenerate any building proteins. Hence, Platelet-rich plasma a hair restoration technique is rich to repair any damage to follicles. In late times the plasma was only used in orthopedics and athletic medicine. But now with an understanding of this liquid effectiveness, it is widely used to treat acne spots, cure wounds, and hair regeneration. In normal human blood, 93% are red blood cells, and 6% are platelets. Whereas in enriched plasma the concentration of both is revered like it has 5% red blood cells and 94% platelets. This desired concentration is achieved through centrifugation.
Protocol for Preparation
There is no standard protocol for the preparation of PRP, but the main technique is to prepare growth factors rich liquid from the patient’s blood. For this purpose, approximately 60 ml of blood is taken from the patient vessel centrifuge to get enriched plasma and then injected into the patient again.
· The practitioner took a blood sample from the patient, and the amount of the sample varies according to its utility.
· Anticoagulant is added to prevent coagulation of blood.
· The blood sample is put into a centrifuge machine, which whirls around quite rapidly. After 15 minutes of centrifugation, the blood components are separated.
· The desired liquid will have three layers according to its specific gravity. Red blood cell at the bottom layer, the middle layer is enriched plasma with growth factors and the top layer has the least platelet.
· The prepared and enriched liquid is now injected into the desired area.
Mode of Action
This platelet-rich liquid has an adequate amount of more than 20 growth factors. Such growth factors are excreted by the alpha-granules of the platelet. Growth factors affect the progress of endothelial cells, epidermal cells, fibroblasts, and connective tissue of the follicle. The proteins of plasma help to control cell movement, attachment, production, and diversity. Growth factors in plasma stimulate hair restoration by binding to the sites of stem cells. After binding the proliferation of follicular starts facilitates re-grow. Platelet-rich plasma a hair restoration technique gives its best when used with some other complementary treatments.
Platelet Rich Plasma and hair regrowth
Androgenetic Alopecia
Androgenetic alopecia is a non-scarring alopecia. In men hair thinning starts at the frontal region while in women baldness starts at the vertex area. Despite the high success rate of PRP to treat androgenetic alopecia, there is no standard protocol for its preparation and usage. Researchers are still working on this aspect. The treatment scenario for androgenetic alopecia comprises monthly setups at first then after the desired result is achieved the setup duration is prolonged to 3 months.
Female Pattern Hair Loss
It is dominated by middle-aged women. This thinning starts when the active follicles are reduced in number leading to a decrease in volume. This degrading stage may occur in vertex, frontal and parietal areas of the scalp. It is non-scarring alopecia and can be easily recovered in a few setups of PRP injections.
Alopecia Areata
Alopecia areata is an autoimmune ailment, where the body and its immune system destroys the follicles. It may prevail in men and women of all ages and races. PRP has a powerful anti-inflammatory outcome. It destroys cytokine produced hence, reducing the inflammation effectively. For desired results, the platelet-rich plasma hair restoration technique should be used with some complementary treatments.
Cicatricial Alopecia
Cicatricial alopecia is scarring baldness among middle-aged African women. This trail runs in families. It is the severest type of alopecia leading to lifetime loss. Platelet-rich plasma, a hair restoration technique is used to stop further damage. However, the follicular recovery is pretty hard.
Some Risk Factors
Platelet-rich plasma a hair restoration technique is harmless with minimum side effects. During the procedure least pain, headache and itching are observed. The patient can continue his daily life activities from the next day no medication is needed. Anyhow some immediate effects may observe during and after the treatment like;
· Some blood vessels can be injured during the procedure.
· Nerve damage can occur.
· Sometimes infection and scars are reported.
· Adverse effects of anesthesia are commonly recorded.
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